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Password Based Circuit Breaker (Design and Construction)

Password Based Circuit Breaker is a simple project that helps in controlling the electrical lines with the help of a password.

Nowadays, electrical accidents to the line man are increasing, while repairing the electrical lines due to the lack of communication between the electrical substation and maintenance staff. This project gives a solution to this problem to ensure line man safety. In this proposed system, the control (ON/OFF) of the electrical lines lies with line man. This project is arranged in such a way that maintenance staff or line man has to enter the password to ON/OFF the electrical line.

Now, if there is any fault in electrical line, then the line man will switch off the power supply to the line by entering password and comfortably repair the electrical line, and after coming to the substation line man switch on the supply to the particular line by entering the password. Separate passwords are assigned for each electrical lines.

Before going to know about this circuit, also read the interesting post: Password based door locking system.

Password Based Circuit Breaker

Construction and Output Video

Password Based Circuit Breaker Block Diagram

Block Diagram of Password Based Circuit Breaker
Block Diagram of Password Based Circuit Breaker

Principle of Operation

The main component in the circuit is 8051 microcontroller. In this project 4×4 keypad is used to enter the password. The password which is entered is compared with the predefined password. If entered password is correct, then the corresponding electrical line is turned ON or OFF. In this project, a separate password is provided to each electrical line. Activation and deactivation of the line (circuit breaker) is indicated by the load (Light Bulbs).

Circuit Diagram of Password based Circuit Breaker

Password Based Circuit Breaker Circuit Diagram

Components Required

  • 8051 Microcontroller (AT89C52)
  • 8051 Development Board
  • 8051 Programming Board (Programmer)
  • 4 x 4 Matrix Keypad
  • 4 – Channel Relay Module
  • 16 x 2 LCD Display
  • 10KΩ Potentiometer
  • 4 Loads (Light Bulbs)
  • Power Supply
  • Connecting Wires
  • If 8051 Development Board is not used, then you need
  • If Relay Module is not used, then you need (components mentioned for one load)
    • 5V or 12V Relay
    • 1KΩ Resistor (1/4 Watt)
    • BC547 NPN Transistor
    • 1N4007 PN Junction Diode

Password based Circuit Breaker Circuit Design:

The above circuit consists of 8051 series controller (AT89C52), 4×4 Matrix Keypad, 16 x 2 LCD Display, 4 – Channel Relay Module and Four Loads. LCD data pins are connected to PORT1 and control pins RS, RW and EN pins are connected to P3.0, GND and P3.1 respectively. Here, the LCD is used to display the information related to the load.

Keypad is connected to PORT2 of the microcontroller. The four Row Pins of the Keypad are connected to P2.0 to P2.3 and the four Column Pins are connected to P2.4 to P2.7. Using this keypad, we need to enter the password.

Four Lamps (acting as Electrical Lines) are connected to P0.0 to P0.3 through the 4 – Channel Relay Module. These are used to indicate circuit breaker state (Light ON – Line Active and Light OFF – Line Not Active).

If you are not using the Relay Module, then you need to use 4 BC547 NPN Transistors (along with its current limiting base Resistor) in order to drive the relays.

WARNING: Be extremely careful when wiring the AC load to the Relay and mains supply.

Password Based Circuit Breaker Image 1
Password Based Circuit Breaker Image 2
Password Based Circuit Breaker Image 3
Password Based Circuit Breaker Image 4
Password Based Circuit Breaker Image 5
Password Based Circuit Breaker Image 6

Algorithm 

  1. Initially declare the PORT1 to LCD data pins and its control pins RS and E to P3.0 and P3.2 and P3.7 respectively. Also declare PORT2 to keypad and use P0.0, P0.1, P0.2 and P0.3 to loads.
  2. Initially display “enter password” on LCD.
  3. Now read the five digit password from the user.
  4. Compare the entered password with stored password.
  5. If the password matches, correct then ON or OFF the particular load and display line or load status on LCD.
  6. If the password is wrong, then display “wrong password” on the LCD.
  7. After some delay, again ask to enter password.

Simulation Video

How to Operate the Password based Circuit Breaker Project?

  1. Write the program to the Password based Circuit Breaker in Keil software and create .hex file.
  2.  Burn program to the controller with help of 8051 Programming Board and Willar Software.
  3.  Now give the connections as per the circuit diagram.
  4. While giving the connections, make sure that there is no common connection between AC and DC supplies
  5. Use 5V power supply circuit to provide regulated 5V DC to the controller.
  6.  Switch on the both AC and DC supplies.
  7. Now relay output pins gets 230V. So, do not touch the load connected pins.
  8. LCD displays “enter password”.
  9. Enter the password with help of keypad.
  10.  Now, if the password is correct, then circuit breaker changes its state (i.e. if it is already ON, now it becomes OFF and if it is already OFF, now it becomes ON) and displays line (or load) status on LCD.
  11.  If the password is wrong, then the LCD displays “wrong password”.
  12. After some time, the microcontroller asks to enter password by displaying “enter password”.

Advantages

  • Avoids electrical accidents to line man
  • Project is simple and easy
  • Uses commonly available components

Applications

  • Used in electrical substations to ensure line man safety
  • This system is used in buildings and houses
  • Used in hotels and shopping malls to save the power. 
  • Can also be used as Password based electrical appliance control or Password based Load Control system.

 

132 Responses

    1. Dear sir,
      I want to do this project, but I want code of Password Based Circuit Breaker .kindly send to my Email

  1. Why you need this project code?
    to make the semester project.
    Are you trying to make the same project or different one?
    i am trying the same project.
    Give us more details about your project.
    i am trying the same project and i want to install the system in my home.

  2. ANS1: i want to make this project to save the lives of people from short circuit as well as save electricity. so that the villager areas may use. Ans 2 some kind of advance Ans 3 to give advantage of poor which can not have electricity in his home in a low price

  3. I would like to have this kind of project. Same project please send me or give the program of this project. thanks!

  4. I am student of BS electronics and want to make this project for a hobby so kindly send me the code of project and its interesting project for me to implement this password based circuit breaker at my home….

  5. because i want
    to do this project in order to prevent some electric shock.
    2.yes i want to do the same project
    3.i want to install it in my house

  6. Hello,
    I like to make this as my semester project.
    i am trying the same project. But i will be replacing those 12V working components with 230V AC components
    Give me more details about your project.
    Also I want to install this system in my home.
    Please provide me the Program Code.

  7. Greetings!
    well i really appreciate what you are doing. I am making a multipurpose project based on this micro controller.In this project i have to trigger a circuit involving the level of some conducting material in a plant. I am using password implementation due to some security issue. So if you can send me some details i would be grateful.

  8. I want to do this project, but I want code of Password Based Circuit Breaker. Please send it to my Email.
    Thank you

  9. I need the code because I want to do this project in my engineering final year project.
    This project is more interesting and also utilized in many ways.
    So, please kindly send me the code to my email.

  10. Why you need this project code?
    I impressed by this project and wish to opt it for my semester project.
    Are you trying to make the same project or different one ?
    I opt the same project idea.
    Give us more details about your project
    I wish to do this project and i believe it should be practically implemented so as to save many lifes.

  11. 1. I need this project code becouse to make my project as same
    2.my project is some what different
    3.my project is based on your project like iam doing the project based on this password based only so please for guidense please send me the code.

  12. i need this project to make as my class project.
    i am doing the different project based on the code of your project.
    i am willing to perform the project on password based current circuit only so please i need this code to perform my project.please sir send me the code.

  13. Why you need this project code?
    to make a semester project.

    Are you trying to make the same project or different one?
    Yes, were trying to make the same project.

  14. why do i need this project?
    because i want to make a similar one as my mini project in school
    am i trying to make a similar project?
    yes, i will like to make a similar project
    more info about my project?
    i have submitted this project topic as a proposal to my department and it has been approved. i need you to send me the code of this project via the email i provided so i can reproduced this project. thank you

  15. i am making this project that’s why i need the code.
    i am making the same project for my the completion of my b.tech

  16. i want to work on this project, i clicked download the code, but cannot open it. Can you please send me a zip file of this code, please. Thank you.

  17. Hello Sir/Ma’am
    1. I need the coding of this project because I want to make this project as my major project in B.tech final year.
    2. Yes I’m looking forward to make the same project.
    3. I’ve submitted this project topic as a proposal for my final year project & it has been approved by my project head & he is too excited for this project

  18. Sir iam a final year Bsc ectronics student
    iam intrested to do this project as my final year main project
    kindl pleace give me the
    program code and all related details about this project

  19. Why you need this project code?
    to make the semester project.
    Are you trying to make the same project or different one?
    i am trying the same project.
    Give us more details about your project.
    i am trying the same project and i want to install the system in my home.
    PLEASE MAIL ME THE CODE I CANNOT OPEN THE CODE EVEN I DOWNLOADED THE CODE
    Thank You

  20. Ans 1 :because we are doing these project.
    Ans 2 :yes, we are make same project in our collage.
    Ans 3 :we don’t know more information about these project.so please sir send project code and circuit layout.

  21. I need this code…I want to apply it on a big scale..but to make professors to guide me for large scale project based on this ..I have to show them on small scale first. .this is why I need this…
    Plz mail me the code of this project

      1. Sir, code is downloaded but it can’t open in my laptop.
        Please sir, suggest problem solution or What is the reason of code is not opening, please sir….

  22. I want to make this project in my college..
    Yes I’m looking forward to make the same project.
    3. I’ve submitted this project topic & it has been approved by my project head.

  23. Sir, I need the code of this project. As I want to make different one but to give demo to professor so that he can fund my project on large scale I need this code. Kindly give me this code ..it would be very helpful to me..as well as my future that would be based on some technical skills,

  24. Sir iam a 3rd year electrical & ectronics student
    iam intrested to do this project as mini project
    kindl pleace give me the
    program code and all related details about this project

  25. hello sir/maam,
    in proteus i got struck with components you connected to the relays please help me by liting the components you used

      1. Relay is connected to 12v supply,transistor,motor and the other is connected to what????….The one which looks like a triangle with a line in it…Could u please tell us what is that component.

  26. Hiii.. I can’t able to open the project code that you have uploaded.. Please send it to my mail I’d..
    Thank you

  27. Sir, I want to do this project, but I want code of Password Based Circuit Breaker .kindly send to my Email

    Thanks,

  28. I am having a problem doing this projct, i cnt determine where should i give the ac supply and where the dc supply. ?

  29. Can I interface this password base circuit breaker with a gsm module so it can also receive password from a mobile phone and the matrix keypad?

  30. hi sir>>the code doesn’t work on my project >>>there is an error on the “str_lcd” why?can you help me

  31. Hi Anusha, what is the crystal on the block diagram? And may i use an arduino as the programmer.. will it work?
    kindly reply

  32. I am class 9th student and I want to make a same project for class project as I am a Physics student . Please send me the code for the project on my email given below . I also have question about the circuit as new to these kind of projects that how to give the power supply and from where ? So please it’s a humble request send me the code and also the explanation about the power supply on my email ID .

    ishaanpandey200@gmail.com

  33. Great work. I need code and the required circuit of the same project using avr microcontroller. Please help and provide the same password based circuit breaker project using avr microcntroller.
    I will remain grateful if you can provide.
    Thankyou!

    1. You cannot simply replace the 8051 microcontroller with arduino.Programming part connections everything changes.

  34. can u provide us embbed c language program & working of password based circuit braker project

    1. To reduce the program complexity we did not add this feature.so, the only option is upload the new program with the new password.

    1. Just go to “flash” tab in the top of the keil IDE and click “config flash tools”….now a new window will open.Here click the “device” tab to change the microcontroller….

  35. how to solve the autobaud problem during transfer .hex file in at89s52 microcontroller???

    1. It happens only if the size of the HEX file is larger than the program memory in the microcontroller. so, the problem can be solved by writing the program effectively small.

  36. If fault occurs, the circuit must break automatically. But in this project it needs password to break which results in damage of circuit components. So won’t be a circuit breaker. Simply it acts as a controller.

  37. Please clarify my doubt how to download keil u vision software will u please send me the link for downloading the software

  38. The name of the project should be password based relay control not password based circuit breaker control. A relay and a circuit breaker are two different things. Got it.

  39. Please give more information about password base circuit breaker control project because we are going to do as main project

  40. Dear Sir.

    I really want to do this project. Am A Final year POWER student. Pls all I need from you now is to help me with the codes, for am running out of time now…..
    I awaits your response Sir.
    Thanks….

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