Top 8 Different Types of Plotter, Features and Applications

Plotters are specialized output devices used in various sectors to generate high-quality, large-scale images and drawings. They are available in various styles, each adapted to a particular set of requirements.

Pen plotters draw exact lines on paper with pens, whereas drum plotters rotate the paper and move the pen horizontally. Inkjet plotters, on the other hand, spray the ink onto paper or other surfaces using nozzles. Plotters, with their variety and accuracy, continue to play an essential part in creating comprehensive images for engineering, design, and artistic pursuits.

What is a Plotter?

A plotter is an output device used to create high-quality, large-format graphics and drawings. Plotters use vector graphics, unlike ordinary printers, which utilize raster graphics and pixels to create exact and detailed images.

Plotters are widely utilized in a variety of fields where accuracy and precision are critical, such as engineering, architecture, mapping, and design.

They are classified into three types: pen plotters, inkjet plotters, and drum plotters, each having its manner of producing graphics. Plotters are valuable tools for creating elaborate visualizations and technical drawings in both professional and artistic settings.

What is the Working of a Plotter?

A plotter’s operation entails a method that allows it to produce large-format images and drawings with high precision. Plotters generate visuals with vector graphics rather than pixels. The data transmitted to the plotter includes instructions for moving a pen or an inkjet nozzle over the paper.

The pen moves horizontally, vertically, or both ways in pen plotters while the paper remains stationary. The paper moves in inkjet plotters while the inkjet nozzle sprays ink onto the surface. The plotter reads vector data and makes precise movements, producing accurate and detailed drawings that make it a vital tool in a variety of sectors.

What are the Types of Plotters?

1. Drum Plotter [Pen Plotter]

A drum plotter, often known as a pen plotter, draws exact vector graphics on paper or other media using pens mounted on rotating drums. While the paper is mounted on a stationary flatbed, the drum rotates to move the pen horizontally.

Features:

• A rotating drum with pens attached for horizontal movement
• Multiple pens of different colours are typically used for varying line styles.
• Vector graphics-capable applications support them.
  

Architectural and engineering drawings are examples of applications.

• Electronic schematics and circuit diagrams.
• Cartography and map production.
• Illustrations and artistic creations.

Pros:

• Intricate drawings require high precision and accuracy.
• Large paper sizes and extended continuous drawings are no problem.
• Ideal for technical and engineering applications requiring precise diagrams.

Cons:

• Slower than newer plotters such as inkjet plotters.
• Colour capabilities are limited because it only employs one pen at a time.
• Mechanical complexity can make maintenance and calibration difficult.

a. Internal Drum Plotter

An internal drum plotter is a computer output device that is used to create large-format graphics and drawings. The paper is attached to a rotating drum inside the plotter enclosure, and the pen or inkjet nozzle moves along the length of the drum to make images.

Features:

• Rotating Drum: The plotter’s rotating drum allows the paper to move continuously, allowing for seamless image generation.
• Internal drum plotters provide high precision and accuracy, resulting in detailed visuals and technical drawings.
  

Applications:

• Internal drum plotters are widely utilized in engineering to create complex architectural designs and blueprints.
• Cartography: They are used to create accurate maps and geographic illustrations in cartography.
  

Pros:

• Internal drum plotters deliver precise and dependable output, making them excellent for technical applications.
• Continuous Printing: Using the spinning drum, they can print extensive drawings without having to alter the paper.

Cons:

• Internal drum plotters may have a slower output speed when compared to other plotter types.
• Colours are limited: Inkjet-based internal drum plotters may have colour reproduction limitations compared to current colour plotters.

b. External Drum Plotter

An external drum plotter is a type of plotter in which the plotting surface is a revolving drum. The paper is secured to the drum, and the pen or printer moves horizontally and vertically to make graphics while the drum rotates to place the paper correctly.

Features:

• Drum surface rotation allows for accurate paper positioning.
• Output that is both high-quality and detailed.
• It is ideal for large-format drawings.
• When compared to other plotter kinds, it has a faster charting speed.

Applications:

• Drawings for engineering and architecture.
• Making maps and cartography.
• Posters and graphics that are artistic.
• Schematics and technical designs.

Pros:

• Output that is precise and detailed.
• Quick plotting speed.
• Ideal for huge drawings.
• Capable of providing both technical and artistic graphics.

Cons:

• When compared to other plotter types, it can be costly.
• Mechanical components may need to be serviced.

2. Electrostatic Plotter

An electrostatic plotter is a type of plotter that generates graphics using electrostatic principles. It delivers an electric charge to the plotting medium, commonly a sheet of paper covered with a specific substance. Toner particles are drawn to the charged spots, resulting in the desired image.

Features:

• To attract toner particles, an electrostatic charging device is used.
• Print speeds are usually faster than those of classic pen plotters.
• Digital input compatibility allows for simple computer integration.
• Paper sizes and media compatibility vary.
• Printing and collation options for many copies.

Applications:

• Drawings for architecture and engineering.
• Cartography and maps.
• Diagrams and images for technical purposes.
• Designing circuit boards for printing.
• Document and blueprint reproduction.

Pros:

• The output is of high quality, with exact lines and details.
• Faster printing speed than other plotter types.
• It runs quietly, making it ideal for business environments.
• There is no need for ink or pens, lowering operating costs.
• Prints that last a long time and resist fading

Cons:

• There are few colour selections, predominantly black and white.
• Setup and maintenance are arduous.
• In comparison to other recent printing methods, it has a low resolution.
• It can be affected by environmental factors such as humidity.

3. Inkjet Plotter

An inkjet plotter is a type of plotter that employs inkjet technology to print high-quality graphics and images on a variety of media, including paper, canvas, and film. It creates accurate and detailed pictures by spraying tiny ink droplets onto the surface.

Features:

• Print Resolution
• They can employ several types of ink, such as dye-based or pigment-based inks, each with advantages for specific purposes.
• Connectivity

Pros:

• Inkjet plotters produce high-quality output with exceptional print resolution and colour accuracy, making them perfect for elaborate graphics and detailed designs.
• Versatility: They can print on a variety of media, including glossy paper, matte paper, vinyl, and more, providing versatility for a variety of applications.
• Inkjet plotters are often less expensive than other types of plotters, making them more accessible to a broader range of customers.
• Quiet operation: These plotters run softly, making them ideal for office situations or locations where noise is an issue.

Cons:

• Speed
• Continuous ink usage can make them more expensive to maintain in the long run, especially for heavy users.
• Media constraints

4. Flatbed Plotter

A flatbed plotter is a plotter that has a flat, permanent surface on which the drawing medium, usually paper or other materials, is put. The plotting mechanism commonly consists of pens or inkjet nozzles, moving across the surface to create exact graphics and drawings.

Features:

• Stationary drawing surface
• Material versatility
• Capable of handling large
• format prints
• Extensive precision and accuracy
  

Architectural and engineering drawings are examples of applications.

• CAD/CAM design
• Graphic design and illustration
• Signage and packaging
  

Advantages:

• Suitable for a variety of materials
• Can map on huge surfaces
• Provides excellent accuracy and detail
• Is adaptable to a variety of applications
  

Cons:

• Slower than some other plotter kinds
• Limited plotting speed for elaborate patterns
• Expensive compared to regular printers
• Operation requires a flat and solid surface.

5. Cutting Plotter

A cutting plotter is a specialized instrument used in various sectors to precisely cut materials such as vinyl, paper, cardboard, or fabric. It works by feeding the material into the plotter, where a computer controls a sharp blade or cutting tool to make elaborate and exact designs.

Features:

• Precision cutting using a computer
• Cutting force and speed are each adjustable.
• Material compatibility with a variety of materials
• Integration of advanced software
• An operation that is efficient and saves time

Applications:

• Advertising and sign-making
• Production of decals and stickers
• Fashion and textile design
• Labelling and packaging
• Crafting and prototyping

Pros:

• Precision and intricate cutting abilities
• Adaptable in handling a variety of materials
• Production efficiency and speed Integration with design software for a smooth workflow
• Ideal for small to medium-sized businesses and hobbyists.

Cons:

• Only appropriate for cutting and not for printing
• The initial investment cost can be substantial.
• For best operation, some technical experience may be required.
• Flat materials only; 3D things are not permitted.
• Cutting blade maintenance and replacement costs.

6. Thermal Plotter

A thermal plotter is a type of plotter that produces graphics on heat-sensitive paper using thermal technology. It creates images, drawings, and charts by using controlled heating elements.

Features:

• The use of thermal technology accomplishes image generation.
• Appropriate for monochromatic graphics
• Design that is simple and compact
• There is no need for ink or toner to make continuous line drawings.

Applications:

• Engineering diagrams and drawings
• Layouts of circuit boards
• Imaging in medicine
• Route planning for transportation Industrial schematics

Pros:

• Cost-effective because there are no ink or toner costs.
• Low operating costs and consumables
• High-quality output
• The operation is quiet.

Cons:

• Colour capabilities are limited.
• Slow in comparison to modern inkjet plotters since it requires specialized heat-sensitive paper.
• It is not suitable for highly detailed or complicated graphics.

7. Pinch Roller

A pinch roller is a mechanical component that is found in a variety of machines, most notably printers, plotters, and vinyl cutters. It is a cylindrical roller that presses against the medium (paper, vinyl, or other materials) and produces traction to move the medium through the mechanism of the device.

Features

• Cylindrical shape
• Often composed of rubber or other long-lasting materials
• Adjustable pressure settings
• Can be motorized or operated manually
• Commonly found in printing and plotting equipment
  

Applications include:

• Smooth paper feeding in printers and plotters
• Precise material movement in vinyl cutters
• Tape advancement in tape recorders and audio cassette players.
  

Pros:

• Ensures that the medium moves evenly and in a regulated manner.
• Prevents sliding or misalignment during the printing, cutting, or recording process.
• The ability to adjust the pressure provides compatibility with a variety of materials.

Cons:

• Material jams may occur as a result of inconsistent pressure.
• Overuse can cause pinch roller wear and tear.
• Maintenance and cleaning are required regularly.
• Extraordinarily fragile or sensitive materials should not be used.

8. Wide Format Roller

A wide-format roller is a printing or imaging device that can handle larger paper sizes and is often used in the printing industry for large-scale graphics and documents.

Features:

• Supports huge paper sizes such as A0, A1, and custom sizes.
• High-resolution printing results in clear, detailed graphics.
• Media handling versatility, including vinyl, canvas, and photo paper support.
  

Applications:

• Advertising and marketing posters and banners on a large scale.
• Architectural and engineering plans for building and planning.
• Photographic prints and fine art reproductions.
• Business, event, and trade show signage.

Pros:

• Allows for the printing of large papers and graphics.
• High-resolution output ensures high image quality.
• Versatile media handling for a wide range of applications.

Cons:

• Printers that are more expensive than regular printers.
• More excellent space and footprint needs.
• Printing speed may be limited when compared to smaller printers.

Types of Plotter – FAQs

Conclusion

To summarize, wide-format rollers are valuable instruments in the printing business, allowing for the production of high-quality and large-scale graphics, posters, and documents. Because of their flexibility to handle huge paper sizes and a variety of media, they are helpful for a variety of applications such as advertising, architectural designs, fine art reproductions, and signage.

Despite their increased cost and space requirements, wide-format rollers are an essential asset in large-format printing due to their accurate, high-resolution output and ability to cater to various creative and professional needs.